1 10 11 https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/files/original/6b0323c609d242e6e801c2c49d7d72cc.pdf bb9991b6fa7e68cd9bbb12fbcbabfbff Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2021 Session 2: History and Current Trends of Underwater Archaeology around East Asia Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 papers Description An account of the resource Papers presented at Session 2 of the 2021 Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2023 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Date Copyrighted Date of copyright. 2023 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Japanese Boatbuilding Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Douglas Brooks Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2021 Language A language of the resource English Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. Brooks, Douglas. 2021. “Japanese Boatbuilding.” Edited by Brian Fahy, Hans Van Tilburg, Bill Jeffery, T. Kurt Knoerl, and Riley Smith. In Proceedings of Fourth Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage: Keelung,Taiwan, and Virtual, November 1-5, 2021. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology URL: https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/exhibits/show/apconf-muchproceedings/item/666 Description An account of the resource The craft of boatbuilding in Japan is in crisis. Nurtured by an ancient apprentice system, Japan’s rapid growth in the post-War years disrupted this tradition. The last century was a pivotal time for this craft: the devastation of World War II forced one more generation to assume the work of their fathers, but the rapid recovery and ascendance of the Japanese economy starting in the 1960’s pulled the children of these men into the corporate jobs of a new Japan. In a single generation the apprentices the craft depended on disappeared. Without a new generation of apprentices, craftspeople were unable to pass on their knowledge. Because this was largely an oral tradition, and infused with secrecy, it presents particular challenges for documentarians. It is critical now to document the work of Japan’s last generation of boatbuilders. Over the course of twenty-five visits to Japan spanning twenty-nine years I have apprenticed with seven boatbuilders from throughout Japan. In addition, I have traveled to all of Japan’s forty-seven prefectures, meeting and interviewing over fifty boatbuilders. My teachers were in their seventies or eighties at the time I studied with them, and I am the sole apprentice for six of my teachers. Most of my teachers used no drawings whatsoever, and worked entirely from memory. Drawings, where they did exist, were left intentionally incomplete. The goal of my work has been to document as much as I can - essentially writing the secrets down - in an effort to preserve the designs and techniques of boatbuilding. In this talk I will review the challenges, processes, and insights I have gleaned from this work. Asia-Pac Session 2 2021 https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/files/original/09ac67266fac09766d2c26c224cfb08e.pdf 3b109969f7676a9e4620421fe9446940 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2021 Session 2: History and Current Trends of Underwater Archaeology around East Asia Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 papers Description An account of the resource Papers presented at Session 2 of the 2021 Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2023 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Date Copyrighted Date of copyright. 2023 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Underwater Cultural Heritage Management on In-Situ Preservation and Training Courses for Diving Community in Taiwan Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pin-Wen Chenn Tzu-Chia Huang Chen-Fen Huang Jin-Yuan Liu Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2021 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. Chenn, Pin-Wen, Tzu-Chia Huang, Chen-Fen Huang, and Jin-Yuan Liu. 2021. “Underwater Cultural Heritage Management on In-Situ Preservation and Training Courses for Diving Community in Taiwan.” Edited by Brian Fahy, Hans Van Tilburg, Bill Jeffery, T. Kurt Knoerl, and Riley Smith. In Proceedings of Fourth Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage: Keelung,Taiwan, and Virtual, November 1-5, 2021. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology URL: https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/exhibits/show/apconf-muchproceedings/item/667 Description An account of the resource The awareness of protecting the Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH) has grown over the past decades around the world as well as in Taiwan. In-Situ preservation is the international principle of management and protecting the site. Following the UNESCO 2001 UCH Convention, Taiwan passed the Underwater Cultural Heritage Preservation Act in 2015. Since then, there have been 6 listed shipwrecks and over 90 potential targets were found by the underwater archaeology team of Academia Sinica. Different approaches in each sites’ management depend on the environment and material such as wood, metal or even bones, and as the result, a practice of setting up an environmental database, implementation of a regime of regular underwater observation by divers or unmanned underwater vehicles, and oceanic dynamic monitoring should be adopted. In 2020, despite many difficulties, a research project focused on these related issues for scuba diving instructors took place in Taiwan. This included a 4-day workshop, during which time the instructors had access to Professor David Gregory via webinar. This article aims to present the result of the research and the result of the training workshop. Asia-Pac Session 2 2021 https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/files/original/8389f3483fc253460abc711ae5c50a9e.pdf 8d7f34189f22bbb8807ae8b3b021a600 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2021 Session 2: History and Current Trends of Underwater Archaeology around East Asia Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 papers Description An account of the resource Papers presented at Session 2 of the 2021 Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2023 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Date Copyrighted Date of copyright. 2023 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Shared Underwater Cultural Heritage of Japan and the Netherlands: Continuing the Search for the Kanrin-maru in 2019 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leon Derksen Akifumi Iwabuchi Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2021 Language A language of the resource English Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. Derksen, Leon, and Akifumi Iwabuchi. 2021. “Shared Underwater Cultural Heritage of Japan and the Netherlands: Continuing the Search for the Kanrin-maru in 2019.” Edited by Brian Fahy, Hans Van Tilburg, Bill Jeffery, T. Kurt Knoerl, and Riley Smith. In Proceedings of Fourth Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage: Keelung,Taiwan, and Virtual, November 1-5, 2021. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology URL: https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/exhibits/show/apconf-muchproceedings/item/668 Description An account of the resource In November 2019, the Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology (TUMSAT) and the International Programme for Maritime Heritage of the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands (RCE) continue their joint research on the shared cultural heritage surrounding the Kanrin-maru, a warship built in the Netherlands and delivered to the Japanese government in 1857. It wrecked in Hokkaido in 1871 and has been lost since. The collaboration between the RCE and TUMSAT was established to commemorate the shared cultural heritage of Japan and the Netherlands. Previous joint efforts included a significance assessment in 2017 and a dive survey in 2018. While a shipwreck has yet to be found, continuation of the search has garnered wide support from important stakeholders including two distinct societies. Furthermore, intangible aspects of the Kanrin-maru heritage proved to be just as important to the communities involved, as testified by the stories that are still going around. This called for continuation to preserve this heritage. The project will therefore encompass two approaches to answer the main research question how could the tangible and intangible heritage related to the Kanrin-maru be sustainably preserved. To this end, a marine geophysical survey is to be conducted in search of wreckage material at a specific target location thought to be most promising during the dive survey. Concurrently, oral information will be collected in order to bring to light the stories and multivocality attached to the Kanrin-maru heritage. This could provide insights in how tangible and intangible heritage is valued differently in different parts of the world. Such an integral approach may enhance the protection and valorisation of underwater cultural heritage and its role in society. The project will furthermore involve Japanese and Dutch researchers, as well as Japanese maritime archaeology students and volunteers to allow for knowledge exchange and capacity building. Asia-Pac Session 2 2021 https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/files/original/b380e3819236100b77e5f4e351663406.pdf 61d17ff824a0d0f4dd23a24aa432081e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2021 Session 2: History and Current Trends of Underwater Archaeology around East Asia Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 papers Description An account of the resource Papers presented at Session 2 of the 2021 Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2023 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Date Copyrighted Date of copyright. 2023 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2021 Language A language of the resource English Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. Hayashida, Kenzo. 2021. “Yabitsu: A Medieval Port in Tsushima Island.” Edited by Brian Fahy, Hans Van Tilburg, Bill Jeffery, T. Kurt Knoerl, and Riley Smith. In Proceedings of Fourth Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage: Keelung,Taiwan, and Virtual, November 1-5, 2021. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology URL: https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/exhibits/show/apconf-muchproceedings/item/669 Title A name given to the resource Yabitsu: A Midieval Port in Tsushima Island Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kenzo Hayashida Description An account of the resource The medieval port of Yabitsu is located in an inlet at the northwest end of Tsushima Island. Yabitsu is geographically closest to the Korean peninsula, separated by the Korea Strait. It is difficult to use its small isolated hinterland as a field for farming because in the inlet, some stone-built remains, which seem to have been quay and jetty are present. Although no description on Yabitsu has been found in any Japanese historical materials, a few Korean documents have been discovered in the Korean peninsula. From these literal evidences, the port of Yabitsu looks to have been used as an inlet for anchorage in the first half of the 15th century. The name of the inlet appeared in ‘Song Hui-gyeong’s Chronicle’ written in 1420, which was known as ‘老松堂日本行録’ in Japan. This chronicle refers to the port of Yabitsu as ‘也音非梁 (Ya-i-hi-ryo)’, which is on the way to the village of Waniura in Tsushima island. Seongjong of Joseon, the 9th king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea, recorded this port as ‘也音非道浦 (Ya-i-hi-do-ho)’ in his Annals of Joseon Dynasty written in 1499. The survey in 2018 showed that the port of Yabitsu had a long history from the 4th to 17th centuries with early Haji wares, Sue wares, Goryeo potteries, Chinese white porcelains, and old Karatsu wares being found, However, the exact date when the stone remains in the inlet were constructed and their entire structure have not been known yet, because no full-scale survey has been conducted so far. Additionally, we have not known the exact reason why the port was chosen to be built at Yabitsu. The survey on this port could contribute to restoring the maritime cultural landscape in Tsushima island, as well. Asia-Pac Session 2 2021 https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/files/original/6b9e480c845375a11967d4f09b61c498.pdf 7c880954a1b225cecaad6c1cfa91628a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2021 Session 2: History and Current Trends of Underwater Archaeology around East Asia Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 papers Description An account of the resource Papers presented at Session 2 of the 2021 Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2023 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Date Copyrighted Date of copyright. 2023 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lagoon as a port: reconstructing topography and seascape of the past Description An account of the resource In this study I demonstrate that lagoons were generally used as ports in ancient Japan. A lagoon is not suitable for anchoring large boats because of its shallow water depth; however, it was the best anchorage for shallow draft boats in ancient times. Based on archaeological evidence, it is likely that many of the ancient Japanese boats were dugout canoes, or enlarged ones by adding side boards to the hull of dugout canoes. In the Kofun period, around 4th century, it is often the case that a huge burial mound was built near the lagoon and used as a port. I consider that it was a landmark made visible from boats sailing along the coast. In the 7th century, the technology to make large plank-made boats was introduced to Japan from the Korean peninsula and used for open sea voyages to the mainland of China. Since these boats require deep water ports, bays were then used as ports. Traditional boats, however, continued to be used in the Japanese archipelago, and many lagoons continued to be used as ports. It was in the Middle Ages after 14th century, the technology of making large ships called wasen developed, so lagoon ports gradually became obsolete. Many of the lagoons thought to have been used as ports in ancient times have been buried and many of them have lost their existence. In this study, I point out the existence of lagoons that are likely to have been used as ports in ancient times by performing topographic reconstruction using GIS. In addition, the GIS 3D model reproduces how the port site looked from the coast and shows that there is a high possibility that the burial mound was made as a landmark. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tomo Ishimura Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November Language A language of the resource English Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. Ishimura, Tomo. 2021. “Lagoon as a port: reconstructing topography and seascape of the past.” Edited by Brian Fahy, Hans Van Tilburg, Bill Jeffery, T. Kurt Knoerl, and Riley Smith. In Proceedings of Fourth Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage: Keelung,Taiwan, and Virtual, November 1-5, 2021. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology URL: https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/exhibits/show/apconf-muchproceedings/item/670 Asia-Pac Session 2 2021 https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/files/original/25cdf9183509d7c3e7ccd2c2e2329b24.pdf 27b3a22d563e0cd1ed03d0283e25a8cc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2021 Session 2: History and Current Trends of Underwater Archaeology around East Asia Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 papers Description An account of the resource Papers presented at Session 2 of the 2021 Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2023 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Date Copyrighted Date of copyright. 2023 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Submerged Buddhist Temple of Tanjo-ji in Chiba Prefecture, Japan Description An account of the resource The Tanjo-ji is a temple belonging to Nichiren Buddhism at the town of Kominato in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Nichiren was born in 1222 at a fishing village near the town, and became a Buddhist priest who developed the teachings of Nichiren Buddhism, a branch school of Mahayana Buddhism. When his mother gave birth to Nichiren, according to legends, water for bathing the newborn baby welled up in a garden, lotus flowers came out on the seashore, and plenty of sea breams jumped over the sea. The sea in front of the Tanjo-ji is now named ‘Sea Bream Inlet’, a Japanese natural monument registered by the Agency for Cultural Affairs, where we still could see schools of jumping sea breams or opaleyes. Just before or after his death in 1282, the original temple of Tanjo-ji was built on the site of Nichiren’s birthplace or of his mother’s house, but the temple is said to have flooded and submerged by tsunamis with earthquakes and to have moved to where it is at present. Indeed, a historical document says that the 1605 Nankai Earthquake and following tsunamis damaged and destroyed the area around the bay of Kominato. In the commemoration of the 800th anniversary of the birth of Nichiren, the Kamogawa City Council and Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, which is a member institution of the UNESCO UNITWIN Network for Underwater Archaeology, started the underwater survey for the submerged site in the spring of 2019. Because sites of the submerged temple or fishing villages are supposed to be on the bottom of very shallow seas near the coast, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology has developed a remotely steerable unmanned surface vehicle with a side scan sonar and an underwater camera for its survey. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Akifumi Iwabuchi Hayato Kondo Takatsugu Tashiro Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2021 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. Iwabuchi, Akifumi, Hayato Kondo, and Takatsugu Tashiro. 2021. “The Submerged Buddhist Temple of Tanjo-ji in Chiba Prefecture, Japan.” Edited by Brian Fahy, Hans Van Tilburg, Bill Jeffery, T. Kurt Knoerl, and Riley Smith. In Proceedings of Fourth Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage: Keelung,Taiwan, and Virtual, November 1-5, 2021. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology URL: https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/exhibits/show/apconf-muchproceedings/item/671 Asia-Pac Session 2 2021 https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/files/original/5ddf3918d21b995d645f09da50fb9564.pdf 884ee44ef23f7f8c11247dcc4e2c1116 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2021 Session 2: History and Current Trends of Underwater Archaeology around East Asia Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 papers Description An account of the resource Papers presented at Session 2 of the 2021 Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2023 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Date Copyrighted Date of copyright. 2023 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Importance of Underwater Archaeology in the Development of a Taiwanese Identity - A case study on the Green Island 1 Description An account of the resource In 2014 the Green Island 1 became one of the first wrecks to be excavated by the Bureau of Cultural Heritage in Taiwan, two years after the establishment of the Underwater Heritage Department, and one year before the implementation of the Underwater Cultural Heritage Preservation Act. The wreck is likely a British brig from the second half of the 19th century (preliminary conclusion, may be subject to change), yet the research into this wreck should be viewed in relation to the development of both the field of underwater archaeology and the grander Taiwanese identity in general. Taiwan did not truly form a unified state until after a 400 year long history of colonization, and at the moment it still has a tense political position in relation to the People’s Republic of China. The Taiwanese government is eager to use archaeological material to establish a substantial base to construct a Taiwanese history independent of that of mainland China, which can be seen in the attempts to expand the underwater heritage field. The various historical stages produce the image of Taiwanese people as a melting pot of different ethnicities, including the aboriginal people of Taiwan, the early settlers from the mainland, and different colonial powers who had taken possession of the island since the 17th century, as opposed to mainland China that had been under a much more isolated regime. Maritime activity was an essential, and unavoidable, element in this international exchange, and historical documents show a high potential for archaeological sites throughout Taiwanese waters. The Green Island 1 is one of the example of such exchange, but as the field will continue to develop we are sure to form a picture of Taiwan as a unique meeting point of cultures in the Pacific. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sterre Klaver Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2021 Language A language of the resource English Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. Klaver, Sterre. 2021. “The Importance of Underwater Archaeology in the Development of a Taiwanese Identity - A case study on the Green Island 1.” Edited by Brian Fahy, Hans Van Tilburg, Bill Jeffery, T. Kurt Knoerl, and Riley Smith. In Proceedings of Fourth Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage: Keelung,Taiwan, and Virtual, November 1-5, 2021. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology URL: https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/exhibits/show/apconf-muchproceedings/item/672 https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/files/original/6baf4997e7d62ee092083ef6a7d794b5.pdf 5023227a0eda0d4fa3edc8d55cf76f67 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2021 Session 2: History and Current Trends of Underwater Archaeology around East Asia Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 papers Description An account of the resource Papers presented at Session 2 of the 2021 Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2023 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Date Copyrighted Date of copyright. 2023 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maritime Cultural Landscapes and Seascapes in Prehistoric Japan: The Entangled Sea of the Yayoi Period Description An account of the resource The developments in underwater archaeology and heritage in East Asia has gained momentum over the past decades spurred on by the wealth of related material in the archaeological record generating a plethora of new data. Simultaneously, different theoretical frameworks can and should be applied to anchor this data within a broader framework. Therefore, this paper seeks to address archaeological material pertaining to the maritime world of the Yayoi Period as well as several theoretical frameworks within which this material can be interpreted and tied to the underwater cultural heritage of East Asia and how to combine material and theory in a meaningful way. Although the most conspicuous witnesses of maritime connectivity - i.e. shipwrecks - are so far missing from the Yayoi Period, there is sufficient evidence on land that attests to the embeddedness of Japan within the broader maritime world of East Asia. This land-based focus of maritime archaeology is in concordance with the concept of maritime cultural landscape developed by Christer Westerdahl, presented in an eponymous article in 1992 where the terrestrial aspect is always dominant. The concept of seascape, on the other hand, places the focus on the sea itself, an intrinsic part of all maritime studies, and stresses the perceptions of the sea as a cultural entity which possesses agency. Despite valid attempts to put the sea at the center of anthropological and archaeological research, for instance in the Pacific or - more recently - the Mediterranean - there is still an imbalance within the research putting the focus more on the land than on the sea. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Anja Krieger Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. Krieger, Anja. 2021. “Maritime Cultural Landscapes and Seascapes in Prehistoric Japan: The Entangled Sea of the Yayoi Period.” Edited by Brian Fahy, Hans Van Tilburg, Bill Jeffery, T. Kurt Knoerl, and Riley Smith. In Proceedings of Fourth Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage: Keelung,Taiwan, and Virtual, November 1-5, 2021. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology URL: https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/exhibits/show/apconf-muchproceedings/item/673 https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/files/original/93e2c4e9142367ccee6cd833be8e8e58.pdf 2b1112993b181e7340c9ed8820177a3b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2021 Session 2: History and Current Trends of Underwater Archaeology around East Asia Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 papers Description An account of the resource Papers presented at Session 2 of the 2021 Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2023 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Date Copyrighted Date of copyright. 2023 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Earliest Hokkien Maritime Vocabulary and Jargon Recorded in a Spanish-Chinese Dictionary of the 17th Century Description An account of the resource It has always been a difficult task to research and transcribe ancient seafarers’ terms pronounced in different regional dialects. Since 2015, the author has been trying to mark the Southern Hokkien (Minnan) dialect seafarers’ terms pronunciation using Chinese Pinyin, and to record them in Chinese characters, but had not able to find the final solution. In 2018, an oldest and largest extant Spanish-Chinese dictionary was discovered in the University of Santo Tomas Archives, this Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum is supposed to have been compiled in 1626-1642 for missionary purposes in Fujian by Spanish missionaries of the Dominican order with the assistance of Chio Chiu (Zhangzhou) people living in Manila. The dictionary has a total of over 1102 pages, containing about 21,000 entries, including single words, short sentences, idioms and slang. From left to right are Spanish entries, Southern Hokkien vernacular Chinese characters, Southern Hokkien dialect in Romanization, and Mandarin in Romanization. The dictionary not only contains a lot of seafarers’ terms, but more importantly, it also has enough single words to combine into the required new terms. This solves the problem of phonetic alphabet and Chinese character recording for Southern Hokkien dialect that has plagued us for many years. Instead of presenting a regional dialect seafarers’ glossary still very much in the making, this paper has focused on possible solutions for editing maritime vocabulary and jargon in different dialects, keeping the logics of nautical technology in mind. with a particular emphasis on the technical logic behind them. Appropriate selections from dialect dictionaries compiled by missionaries in the past may all contribute to the edition of a proper nautical technical vocabulary and seafarers’ glossary for the whole Chinese coastline. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Xu Lu Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2021 Language A language of the resource English Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. Lu, Xu. 2021. “The Earliest Hokkien Maritime Vocabulary and Jargon Recorded in a Spanish-Chinese Dictionary of the 17th Century.” Edited by Brian Fahy, Hans Van Tilburg, Bill Jeffery, T. Kurt Knoerl, and Riley Smith. In Proceedings of Fourth Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage: Keelung,Taiwan, and Virtual, November 1-5, 2021. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology URL: https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/exhibits/show/apconf-muchproceedings/item/674 https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/files/original/c0c2c960eddf3d0d7bc8e78c8812a782.pdf 5d400ce7286c8057de763f3f71ba3adf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2021 Session 2: History and Current Trends of Underwater Archaeology around East Asia Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 papers Description An account of the resource Papers presented at Session 2 of the 2021 Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2023 Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Date Copyrighted Date of copyright. 2023 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Port of Uraga: Tokugawa Japan’s Choke Point to Edo Description An account of the resource Until the opening of Japan in the mid-nineteenth century, Uraga had been a port with both commercial and military significance on a domestic level arguably for the duration of the Edo period (1603-1868). Its international importance, however, lies in the initial years of the period (1603-1638), with considerable documentation showing a flourishing trade with Spain. Never before or after had a European superpower traded with eastern Japan until the nation industrialised during the Meiji period (1868-1912). The intent of this research has been to shed light on a period in Japanese maritime history that has remained overlooked to a large extent for over four hundred years with regards to the circumstances of its development and further growth, despite its overwhelming importance, using both archival and archaeological evidence from both Europe as well as Japan. This evidence suggests that the establishment of Uraga as a commercial and later diplomatic choke point with Spain was initiated and managed by William Adams under the auspices of Tokugawa Ieyasu, and that subsequent utilisation of the port as a point of controlled entry to Edo bay was the convention domestically as well until the end of the Edo period. With this trade, we see that the normal colonial relations Europe had over Asian ports had no hold on Japan. On the contrary, this paper puts forth the idea that Japan was successful at staving off such attempts due to Adams’ intercedence, producing a pattern of entanglement with the West that lasts to this day. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource T. Michael Perrin Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Museum of Underwater Archaeology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2021 Language A language of the resource Enlish Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Bibliographic Citation A bibliographic reference for the resource. Recommended practice is to include sufficient bibliographic detail to identify the resource as unambiguously as possible. Perrin, T. Michael. 2021. “The Port of Uraga: Tokugawa Japan’s Choke Point to Edo.” Edited by Brian Fahy, Hans Van Tilburg, Bill Jeffery, T. Kurt Knoerl, and Riley Smith. In Proceedings of Fourth Asia Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage: Keelung,Taiwan, and Virtual, November 1-5, 2021. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology URL: https://apconf-much.org/proceedings/exhibits/show/apconf-muchproceedings/item/675 Asia-Pac Session 2 2021